Gymnadenia conopsea
Ecology
A tuberous perennial herb of both dry and moist chalk and limestone grasslands, limestone pavement, less acidic heaths, and wetter habitats such as base-rich fens. It also grows in artificial habitats, including quarries and railway banks. 0-610 m (Ben Lawers, Mid Perth).
Status
Trends
This species was mapped as `all records` in the 1962 Atlas. It has declined throughout its range, probably due to habitat destruction, ploughing of pastures and drainage. Three subspecies are currently recognised, although each may deserve specific rank (Bateman et al., 1997); they are mapped separately.
World Distribution
Eurasian Boreo-temperate element.
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Broad Habitats
Light (Ellenberg): 7
Moisture (Ellenberg): 6
Reaction (Ellenberg): 7
Nitrogen (Ellenberg): 3
Salt Tolerance (Ellenberg): 0
January Mean Temperature (Celsius): 3.2
July Mean Temperature (Celsius): 14.2
Annual Precipitation (mm): 1187
Height (cm): 40
Perennation - primary
Life Form - primary
Woodiness
Clonality - primary
Count of 10km squares in Great Britain: 1341
Count of 10km squares in Ireland: 365
Count of 10km squares in the Channel Isles: 0
Atlas Change Index: -0.76
Weighted Changed Factor: 3
Weighted Change Factor Confidence (90%)
JNCC Designations
Atlas text references
Atlas (336d)
.
1993. Wild orchids of Scotland.
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1986. Atlas of north European vascular plants north of the Tropic of Cancer. 3 vols.
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1991. Wild orchids of Dorset.
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1965. Vergleichende Chorologie der zentraleuropäischen Flora. Volume 1. 2 vols.
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1991. The orchids of Suffolk.