Milium effusum
Tracheophyta
›Magnoliopsida›Poaceae›Milium›Milium effusum
Ecology
A perennial herb of damp, deciduous woods and shaded banks, where it grows on winter-wet, calcareous to mildly acidic clay and loam soils, and also over rocks in W. Scotland. It is regarded as an indicator of ancient woodland in some parts of E. England. However, it is able to colonise open sites which are disturbed by felling or fire, and there is evidence of spread to more recent woodland in some upland areas. 0-380 m (W. of Dockray, Cumberland).
Status
Native
Trends
This species was mapped as `all records` in the 1962 Atlas. It is now better recorded, and there is no evidence of a genuine change in its overall distribution.
World Distribution
Circumpolar Boreo-temperate element, with a disjunct distribution.
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Broad Habitats
Broadleaved, mixed and yew woodland
Light (Ellenberg): 4
Moisture (Ellenberg): 5
Reaction (Ellenberg): 6
Nitrogen (Ellenberg): 5
Salt Tolerance (Ellenberg): 0
January Mean Temperature (Celsius): 3.6
July Mean Temperature (Celsius): 15.3
Annual Precipitation (mm): 928
Height (cm): 150
Perennation - primary
Perennial
Life Form - primary
Hemicryptophyte
Woodiness
Herbaceous
Clonality - primary
Tussock-forming graminoid, may slowly spread
Count of 10km squares in Great Britain: 1391
Count of 10km squares in Ireland: 91
Count of 10km squares in the Channel Isles: 0
Atlas Change Index: 0.31
Weighted Changed Factor: -1
Weighted Change Factor Confidence (90%)
21
JNCC Designations
NBNSYS0000002663